Refrigerating apparatus



Oct. 23, 1962 R. w. DOEG 01 REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed April 24, 1961 IN V EN TOR.

P/ruw M 17054 W aw arm/Pay United Fiied Apr. 24, 1961, Ser. No. 1,52 6 Claims. (til. 74-579) This invention relates to refrigerating apparatus and more particularly to a refrigerant compressor drive connection for use in connection with such apparatus.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved and novel arrangement for securing a connecting rod to a crankarm.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved arrangement of motor, refrigerant compressor and drive therebetween.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, wherein a preferred form of the invention is clearly shown.

FIG. 1 is a vertical view of a hermetically sealed type refrigerant compressor embodying features of my invention and showing a portion thereof broken away and parts shown in section;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary side view of my new and improved connecting rod showing a portion thereof broken away and in section.

FIG. 5 is a vertical fragmentary cross section of a compressor embodying features of my invention showing a stage in the assembly of the crankshaft and connecting rod to each other.

Shown in the drawing is a refrigerant motor-compressor unit of the hermetically sealed type which comprises in general a refrigerant compressor 12, a motor 14- and an interconnecting drive arrangement 16 all assembled as a unit 18 which is mounted and hermetically sealed within a chamber 20 formed by a casing 22.

The compressor 12 comprises a frame or casting in which is formed a horizontally extended cylinder 38 within which reciprocates a piston 32. One end of the cylinder is closed by a suitable cylinder head 34- within which are suitable valves (not shown) for controlling the flow of refrigerant into and from the cylinder.

The interconnecting drive arrangement 16 comprises a crankshaft 36 journaled in a bearing 39 which is formed in a vertically extending section of the frame or casting 30. The crankshaft 36 extends upwardly beyond the terminated end of the bearing 39 to be suitably connected to be driven by the motor 14. The crankshaft is journaled to extend in a vertical position with the lower end thereof formed with an open end crankarm 40 in alignment with the horizontal axis of the cylinder 38. A sleeve bearing or bushing 42 is journaled upon the crankarm 40 for free rotation thereon. Journaled to the sleeve bearing 42 is one end 44 of a connecting rod or pitman arm 46 whose opposite end 48 is pivotly secured by a wrist pin 50 to the piston 32. The end 48 of the connecting rod is fitted within the walls of the piston 32 so as to limit its movement axially upon the wrist pin 50 and to be held thereby so as to supportingly extend horizontally therefrom towards the aligned crankarm, however the connecting rod is free to pivot about the axis of the wrist pin.

The bearing end 44 of the connecting rod encircles the sleeve bearing 42 but is formed to provide a bearing surface 52 that encircles to engage or contact only a portion of the circumference or periphery of the sleeve bearing 42. Preferably the bearing surface 52 extends about to encircle slightly more than one half the circumference of the sleeve bearing and this contact is arranged to permit direct bearing contact from sleeve bearing to connecting rod during the period the crankarm is moving the piston on compression stroke. As the crankarm travels to move the piston downwardly on its intake or suction stroke a resilient member, such as a coil spring 54, serves to hold the connecting rod so that the bearing surface 52 is held in contact engagement with the sleeve hearing. The bearing surface 52 terminates in a cut out or open section 56 formed in a boss extension 58 of the connecting rod. A bore 60 extends through the boss 58 opening into the cut out or open section 56.

The coil spring 54 extends from contact with the sleeve bearing into the bore 60 and is held in a compressed state with one end engaging a cotter pin 62 secured in the boss extension 58 and the opposite end engaging a flat surface formed on the periphery of the sleeve bearing. The flat surface is preferably formed as an annular recess or groove 64. By forming the spring engaging surface on the sleeve hearing as an annular recess or groove 64- the end of the coil spring is lockingly retained therein to limit axial movement of the sleeve bearing 42 on the crankarm so as to maintain the sleeve bearing in proper alignment within the connecting rod as well as maintain the bearing surfaces therebetween in contact engagement. The coil spring 54 is arranged to permit a limited axial movement of the sleeve bearing 42 or connecting rod relative to each other to allow a slight canting or rocking movement of the connecting rod on the sleeve bearing. This canting or rocking movement is aided by forming the bearing surface in the connecting rod of relatively narrow width. The narrow bearing width extends centrally about the inner surface of the connecting rod with the face portions above and below the narrow bearing surface recessed rearwardly of the bearing surface as at 70, 72.

A lubricating system is provided which comprises a lubricant lift device secured to for carry by the crank arm 40 for conduction of lubricant from the chamber 20 into a central distributing passage 82 formed in the crankshaft. The lubricant lift device is that as shown and fully set out in my co-pending application, Serial No. 841,546, filed September 22, 1959, for Refrigerating Apparatus. The passage 82 communicates with radial extended passage 84 formed in the crankarm. Aligned with the passage 84 is a passage 86 extending radially through the sleeve bearing for communication with a longitudinally extended passage 88 formed in the connecting rod. From the passage 88 lubricant is conducted to aligned passages in the wrist pin and through which it may flow to lubricate the cylinder walls.

In the above described construction it is preferred that the bearing sleeve 42 be of a large outside diameter to provide a corresponding large bore in the connecting rod such that the inside diameter of the bearing surface 52 together with the cut-out 56 provides a sufiiciently large Patented Get. 23, 1962 r passage to pass therethrough the crankshaft 36 as illustrated in FIG. 5. As shown, the connecting rod 46'is assembled to the piston 32 and the piston is retracted sulficiently within the cylinder 38 so that the crankshaft 36 may be inserted through the bearing bore of the connecting rod and passed upwardly therethrough until it is journaled in the bearing 39 of the casting 30. When the crankshaft is properly journaled in the casting the crankarm 40 will be in a proper alignment within the connecting-rod to beassembled therewith by inserting up- I Wardly on thecrankarm the sleeve bearing 5-2 until it is in proper. engagement with the bearing surface 52 after which the coil spring 54 is inserted through the bore 6 to engage .in the :annular recess 64-. The cotter pin is next assembled .to secure the coil spring 54 in position with proper. tension vupon .the sleeve bearing.

Thejournaled section of the crankshaft 36 is the same in diameter throughout. its axial-length to permit its assembly into thebearing39 throughthe connecting rod. By this. method of assembly the cylinder and the crankshaftbearings are-formed in an integral casting to permit auready assemblyof piston, connecting rod andcrankshaft without the .usual resort to'a removable-bearing, re. movablecylinder, or split connecting rod bearing connection..

From the foregoing it will be apparent that there is provided a connecting-rod to crankarrn connection that permits a simple and ready assembly of the compressor, and onethat allows a limited rocking or canting movement..t-herebetween, to compensate for wear and or inaccuracy in manufacturing where the crankshaft and cylin-- der are not perfectly squared relative to each other. Further, the canting movement and the resistanceoffered by thecompressed coil spring provide anautomatic connectionatokeep the parallelism between the crankshaft and thetwrist pin.. a

. Although only a preferred form of the invention has. beenillustrated, and. thatform described in detail, it will. be=apparentto those skilled in the art that various. modifications may be made. therein .withoutdepartingfrorn thespirit of theinvention or the-scope of the appended claims.

1 Lclaim:

a 1. A mechanical. refrigerating apparatus connection for interconnecting a crankshaft in operative drive. connection with'a piston, comprising a casting having a cylinder and a bearing formed integrally therein, a piston within saidcylinder for reciprocable movement therein, a connecting rod having one end pivotally secured to said piston and its. opposite end extending outwardly from said cylinder, saidoutwardiy extended end having an opening extendedrtherethrough axially with said bearing a crankshaft having an. open end crankarm, saidrcrank shaft being adapted to bodily pass through said opening.

and intosaid bearing to be journaled therein with. said crankarm-extending throughsaid opening, a sleeve slideably mounted. on. said. crankarm and being. rotatable thereon within said opening,. said opening" having pe ripheral sides extended. for a circumferential portion thereof toabe in spaced relation from the periphery of said sleeve anda portion thereof being in contact engagementzwith a circumferential. portion of the periphery of said sleeve, said peripheral sides of said connecting rod in contact engagement with said sleeve being formed'to' permit a rockingmovement of. said connecting rodaxiallyto said sleeve, a resilient member interposed-inengagementwithsaidsleeve and saidconnecting rod and being adapted to move and maintain the contacting portions of said connecting rod and sleeve in engagement.

2.. A mechanical connection for interconnecting a connecting rod to a crankshaft wherein said crankshaft is to journaled in a'bearin'g after the connecting rod preasse-m'bledto av piston is assembled in acylinder, said connectingrcd having an end extending outwardly from said cylinder, an opening formed through said end of d. said connecting rod and being extended axially in a plane with the axis of said bearing, a crankshaft having an open end crankarrn, said opening being formed to permit said crankshaft to bodily pass theretnrough into said bearing, said crankshaft being journaled in said bearing with 7 said crankarm being extended axially into and through said opening, a sleeve extending axially through said opening and being rotatably mounted upon said crankann, said opening in said connecting rod having a circumferential portion of its peripheral side being formed to be in contact engagement with a circumferential portion of the periphery of said sleeve as saidcrankar-m is moving said piston on compression stroke, and a resilient member being carried by said connecting rod for engag ing said sleeve to maintain the contact engagement between said sleeve and connecting rod as said crankarm is moving said piston on its suction stroke.

3. A mechanical refrigerating apparatus connection for interconnecting a connecting rod to a crankshaft comprising a sleeve rotatable on said crankshaft, a connecting rod having a section encircling said sleeve, said section having aportion thereof in a spaced relation from the periphery of said sleeve and a portion thereof in contact engagement with the periphery of saidsleeve, said latter portion having a substantially narrow surface in engagement with the peripheral surface of said sleeve and extended around to contact a portion of the circumference of said sleeve to permit a rocking movement of said connecting rod axially to said sleeve, a-resilient member interposed in engagement between said section and 'said sleeve oppositely to the engagement of said narrow bearing surface upon said sleeve, and said resilient member being adapted to move said section relative to said sleeve to maintain said bearing surface in contact engagement with said sleeve.

4. A mechanical connection for interconnecting a connecting rod to a crankshaftcomprising a sleeve rotatable on said crankshaft, a connecting rod having a section formed to encirclesaid sleeve, said section having a portmnthereof in a spaced relation from the periphery of sad sleeve and a portion thereof in contact engagement with. the periphery of said sleeve, said latter portion'having a substantially narrow surface in engagement with the peripheral surface of said sleeve and extended around tocontact a portion of the circumference of said sleeve to permit a rocking movement of said connecting rod axially to said sleeve, a resilient member interposed in said space between said section and said-sleeve for engaging said section and .said sleeve to move said section relative ro said sleeve to maintain said bearing surface in contact engagement with said sleeve, and an annularly extending recess formed in the periphery of said sleeve adapted to receive said. resilient member.

5. A mechanical connection for interconnecting a connecting rod to a crankshaft comprising a sleeve rotatable on said crankshaft, a connecting rod having a section formed to encircle said sleeve, said section having aportion thereof in a spaced relation from the periphery of said sleeve and a portion thereof in contact engagement with'the periphery of said sleeve, said latter portion having asubstantially narrow surface in engagement with the peripheral surface of said sleeve and extended around to contact a portion of the circumference of said sleeve to permit a rocking movement of said connecting rod axially to said sleeve, a coil spring interposed in a substantially compressed state between for engaging said section and said sleeve to move and maintain said section so that. said narrow bearing surface is in contact engagement with said sleeve, a recess extending inwardly from the periphery of said sleeve, and said recess being adapted to receive one end of said coil spring.

, 6. A mechanical connection for interconnecting a connecting rod'to a crankshaft, comprising a sleeve rotatably mounted on said sleeve and movable axially thereon, a connecting rod having a bearing section, said bearing section formed to extend circumferentially about said sleeve and having a circumferential portion in contact engagement with said sleeve and a circumferential portion in spaced relation from said sleeve, said circumferential portion of said bearing section being in contact with said sleeve being formed as a substantially narrow surface to permit a rocking movement of said connecting rod axially to said sleeve, a resilient member, a recess in said sleeve being extended inwardly from the peripheral surface of said sleeve, said recess being adapted to receive an end of said resilient member, the opposite end of said resilient member engaging said connecting rod, and said 5 gagement with said bearing section.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 10 2,343,211 Warntke et al Feb. 29, 1944 2,552,310 Doeg May 8, 1951 2,587,246 Touborg Feb. 26, 1952 

